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The answer to this question will determine what kind of search support you'll need from the library. If this is a narrative review, the search can be fairly simple and the literature selective. See the table below for a comparison between narrative and systematic reviews. If a scoping review is more appropriate for your topic, then a comprehensive systematic search will be required. These are just a few examples of literature reviews! Consult the documents below on the different types of literature reviews.
| Narrative review | Systematic review | |
| Overarching goal | Aims to summarize or synthesize what has been written on a particular topic but does not seek generalization or cumulative knowledge from what is reviewed. | Aims to aggregate, critically appraise, and synthesize in a single source all empirical evidence that meet a set of pre-specified eligibility criteria in order to answer in depth a clearly formulated research question to support evidence-based decision-making. |
| Search strategy | Selective in nature. Authors usually select studies that support their own view. | Exhaustive literature search of multiple sources and databases using highly sensitive and structured strategies to identify all available studies (published and unpublished) within resource limits that are eligible for inclusion. Uses a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria. |
| Appraisal of included studies | No formal quality or risk of bias assessment of included primary studies is required. | Two different quality assessments must be addressed in systematic reviews: (a) risk of bias in included studies, and (b) quality of evidence by outcome of interest. Both assessments require the use of validated instruments (e.g., Cochrane criteria and GRADE system). |
| Analysis and synthesis | Narrative using thematic analysis, chronological order, conceptual frameworks, content analysis or other classification criteria. | Two different types of analyses and syntheses methods can be used: 1. Meta-analysis (statistical pooling of study results), and 2. qualitative/ narrative: use of vote counting, content analysis, frameworks, classification schemes, and/or tabulations. |
Adapted from Paré G, Kitsiou S. Chapter 9 Methods for Literature Reviews. In: Lau F, Kuziemsky C, editors. Handbook of eHealth Evaluation: An Evidence-based Approach [Internet]. Victoria (BC): University of Victoria; 2017 Feb 27. Table 9.1, Typology of Literature Reviews (adapted from Paré et al., 2015) Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK481583/table/c9.t1/
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The BC Cancer library system consists of a central library at Vancouver Centre, and branches in Abbotsford, Kelowna, Prince George, and Victoria where both patient and professional collections are available on site. Librarian staff are available at all centres, including Surrey.
